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Purpose: This research is devoted to study the consistency between keywords extracted from abstracts of theses by the experts in the related fields and descriptors provided by the indexers in database of “Iran’s theses abstracts”.
Methodology: This research is an applied study based on content analysis. A checklist which consisted of 32 criteria was used. In addition, we consulted the experts in the studied fields. The population under study included the records in database of “Iran’s theses abstracts” (74,500 records) during 1989-2006. By using the sample size formula, 100 records were chosen from each of the fields of human sciences, basic sciences, engineering, and agriculture, by random stratified sampling.
Findings: According to results of the research, there are significant relationships between the number of keywords in theses abstracts and their consistency with the descriptors, as well as between the number of keywords in theses abstracts and the number of descriptors. Also, there is significant relationship in different fields and different time intervals in consistency between the extracted keywords and the descriptors. Higher rate of retrieval through descriptors in comparison with the keywords extracted from abstracts revealed the efficiency of works which have been performed in this database in order to increase the relationships between descriptors of the same subject.
 Originality/Value: The findings of this research can assist the indexers and managers of the database of “Iran’s theses abstracts” for identification of strengths and weaknesses in indexing the theses and collaboration with fields experts in documents indexing.
 

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Purpose: The aim was to study the relationship of parents’ cultural capital and their children use of library materials in the Khorasan public libraries.
Methodology: The population involved all the members of institutional urban public libraries dominated by the General Office of South Khorasan Public Library Foundation who were active users in the time (Sept., 2013) the study was done, and had 15 to 30 years old. The cluster sampling technique was used. In the first phase, 13 libraries out of 11 cities of South Khorasan were chosen as clusters. In the second phase, from each library, 29 users were randomly selected, and received the questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS.
Findings: The results showed, among all kinds of library materials, the special discipline books had most used by the respondents.  Any significant correlation was not observed between the parents’ institutionalized cultural capital and the children use of library materials. The findings also showed that, the respondents’ gender and educational levels had not any effect on the relationship of the parents’ embedded and objectified cultural capital.
Originality/Value: the same research has not already been conducted anywhere, especially about public libraries. Meanwhile, the results of this one may be used for the future planning of Iranian public libraries Foundation and its South Khorasan branch.
 

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Purpose: This research aims at the investigation of the role of public libraries of Kerman region in Iran, on promoting users' reading culture.
Methodology: The research was done through a survey method. We Used Shein’s Three Layer model (Values, norms, and rituals) to survey the role of public libraries on reading culture. The data were collected by a questionnaire designed for the study. The population of research included all more than15 year’s old accredited users of grade 4 and above public libraries of Kerman region and 373 members as sample were determined and selected randomly. One sample t-test, repeated measures, independent-sample t-test and ANOVA were used to test the hypotheses.
Findings: Results showed that the role of the public libraries of Kerman on promoting two layers, including beliefs and effects, was more than average and on promoting the layer of rules was around the average (number 3). Overall, these libraries could not meet the desired level for promoting the readers' reading culture (80 percent of desired elements). No significant difference was observed between the mean scores of the two layers of beliefs and effects, but the role of the public libraries was significantly different comparing the layer of rules with other two layers. According to the sex, various age groups and varied degrees of education variables, no significant difference was observed.
Originality/Value: Value of this research is observable in demonstration of weakness of public libraries of Kerman region in Iran in increasing reading culture of habitants. Likewise, this research cleared that public libraries are weak in rule making for incrementing reading habits of people.
 

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Purpose: The purpose of this research is qualitative assessment of electronic document delivery of Iran’s Astan Quds digital library according to proposed model. 
Methodology: We used survey method to reach research purpose. The statistical population of the survey included two groups: The specialists
(36 Faculties of Knowledge and information science deprtment in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad and Librarians that worked in Electronic Document Delivery Divisions in Central Library of Ferdowsi University and Astan Quds Library) and The Users of Astan Quds digital library. 264 users are selected as a sample with simple random sampling method. The tools of collecting data are two researcher-made questionnaires. The specialist questionnaire is designed for weighting requirements and the main and subordinate factors that are shaped the proposed model with using AHP method. 42 questions are designed in the user questionnaire for assessing subordinate factors of document delivery state.
Findings: Results showed that the ultimate score of Iran’s Astan Quds’ electronic document delivery service is upper than the middle level. This finding indicates the partly good situation of Astan Quds’ electronic document delivery service. According to users’ viewpoints and specialists` importance coefficient, the subordinate factors such as advanced search, browsing Options, spiritual right, help facilities and quality, are in the best situation and others such as flexibility, speed, making good relationship, price and processes clearness are in the end of subordinate factors` list. Results also showed that there is no correlation between assessment scores of Astan Quds electronic document delivery and the amount of this service usage. There wasn`t also difference between assessment scores of users that having experience of using other digital libraries and other users that not have this experience.
Originality/Value: We tried to examine Astan Qods’ document delivery system and viewpoints of users about that. Also, we proposed a weighted score sheet of elements to examine all document delivery systems

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Purpose: To identify the success factors of content creation on Instagram based on the content characteristics, creator and effectiveness indicators.
Method: The current research has been conducted by applying the thematic analysis method and the exploratory approach through analyzing the users' comments on content, examination of successful experiments, expert views and lived experience of content creators. The statistical population consists of all Instagram educational pages from which 30 pages were selected using the purposive sampling method based on the competitive benchmarking approach. The research instrument consisted in an analysis of the themes extracted from the Instagram pages, and these themes were then classified. The validity of the research was assessed and then confirmed by using the triangulation method.
Findings: The results showed that according to the users' views, the success factors of content acceptance included: quality, informativeness, credibility, added value, expertise, and being motivational, entertaining, unique, relevant, realistic, up to date, innovative, applicable, sharable, and personalized. Content effectiveness indicators included: the number of followers, user feedbacks in posts, stories, the mean likes rate, comments, post saving, sharing, user engagement rate, view rate, and posting contents as private messages. Furthermore, the features of the successful content creator included: commitment, creativity, credibility, expertise, distinct identity, creativity, and avoidance of copying, being vulnerable, patience, having intelligent behaviors, a strong sense of cooperation and communication, familiarity with analytical tools and platform, and accepting changes and updating.
Originality/value: Paying attention to all components affecting the success of content creation on the Instagram, including both those related to the created content and those related to user interaction with information, can be measure of success in providing and sharing information. In the current research, a new method of study into the educational content of Instagram was applied.
 

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• In order to design user-friendly information retrieval systems, it is important to pay attention to characteristics of users. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the role of demographic variables of users during their search in search engines.

Method: This is an applied study in terms of purpose, which was done by the evaluation method. To conduct the research, firstly, 32 subject headings were selected from the "Persian Subject Headings" and simulated work tasks were developed based on the selected subject headings with the cooperation of three experts in knowledge and information science. Then, according to the characteristics of the population, such as gender, grade and field of study, age and residential area of the students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 192 people were selected as sample members. The research form was then given to them, which consisted of three sections: demographic information, simulated work tasks, and a place to record relevant links. They were then asked to study the simulated work tasks that they had developed based on the selected subject headings from the Persian Subject headings, and search in Google, Parsijoo, Rismoon, and Yooz search engines in Persian language, and then to record the relevant URLs in the given form. Finally, based on the recorded URLs, the relevance score of the students' retrieved results was calculated according to the Jaccard index. To determine the validity of the research tools, the opinions of faculty members of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad were asked as well as the relevant literature was reviewed. Pearson test was also used to determine the reliability of the study, which confirmed the reliability of the study with a correlation coefficient of 0.725.
Findings: The findings indicated that the FUM students’ judgement relevance scores with a 95% confidence level were about 0/36 to 0/42. Furthermore, there were significant differences between the students' judgement relevance scores in terms of their educational levels, age groups and their residential areas, while there were no differences between the student's judgement relevance scores in terms of gender and academic field.
Originality/value: It can be said that paying attention to both personalization and customization in designing information retrieval systems will satisfy users. Thus, this paper finally directs the attention of information managers and designers of information retrieval systems to this fact that in designing information systems, more attention must be paid to the three demographic variables, namely education levels, age groups, and residential areas.

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Purpose: It is impossible to increase the use of information resources in libraries and provide user-centered information services without understanding how users select and search for information resources. selecting information sources involves identifying a subset of available information sources that best meet the information needs of users. Selecting the right source of information has a significant effect on whether the source is read or not. On the other hand, acquisition, organizing resources, and arranging them in libraries, as well as designing an efficient and user-friendly user interface that supports book selection, requires sufficient knowledge of resource selection behaviors by users; This is what not sufficiently known in Iran. Thus, this study aimed to identify the components and dimensions of the selection behavior of information resources of public library users and to design the relevant conceptual model.
Method: The present research is a meta-synthesis study that was conducted with a qualitative approach, using the seven-step Sandelowski and Barroso method. The research population consists of articles and dissertations published in seven Persian databases and eight international databases between 2000 and 2020 (1379 to 1399 SH). Out of 7560 identified sources, 35 sources were approved under the Vital Skills Assessment Program. The codes were extracted from the articles and the reliability of the coding was assessed using the kappa coefficient.
Findings: A total of 176 codes including 26 concepts were extracted and categorized under five categories as follows: user-related factors (including source selection objectives, tasks, and needs, personality traits and user life, demographic characteristics, interest and emotion, previous user experiences, reasons for interaction or relationship with books, selection strategies and costs); book-related factors (including appearance features, bibliographic elements, content elements, content quality, storybook content, book style, language and relevance, popularity, and distinction); library-related factors (facilities, shelves, and arrangement of books and ancillary programs); barriers and restrictions (including individual, library and community barriers and restrictions); and recommendations and theatrical productions of works (including direct and indirect recommendations and theatrical productions of works). According to the findings, a user, depending on his situation, spends time and money under the influence of the library environment and its facilities, and examines and selects a source in terms of various appearance and content features, and communicates with that source (book) and reads it for reasons such as the overall perceived attractiveness of a book, being engaged with the story in the book, the atmosphere of the book, the personal experience narrated by the characters, and so on. Influenced by the recommendations and theatrical productions of works, he may face obstacles in choosing the source that have been created by himself, library or the community.
Originality/value: The model of information resource selection behavior of public library members is indicative of the complexity and effectiveness of this behavior from a wide range of factors, including individual differences, physical and content characteristics of the book, and environmental factors. The designed model can be used as a basis for a broad survey of users’ information resource selection behavior in physical and virtual environments, as well as as a guide to collection building, space designing, and service designing in libraries, compilation of resources, and designing the appearance and structure of books by authors and publishers.

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Purpose: The correct selection of information sources significantly impacts the readability of the retrieved sources in the library. On the other hand, the collection development, organization of resources, and their classification in libraries, as well as the design of efficient and user-friendly user interfaces that sufficiently support the selection of resources, require sufficient knowledge of the behavior of choosing resources by users. Based on this, the present study aimed to identify the components of book selection behavior by adolescent members of public libraries in Kermanshah Province of Iran.
Method: The current research was conducted with a qualitative approach, and the research method was the qualitative content analysis. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The participants were adolescent members of Kermanshah Province public libraries affiliated to the Iran Public Libraries Foundation in the winter of 2021. The purposive sampling, also known as judgmental sampling, was used to select participants, and continued until data saturation was reached. The qualitative content analysis method was used to analyze the findings.
Findings: The analysis of the interview data led to the formation of 12 main codes and 285 sub-codes, which were classified into 5 categories and 30 concepts. The main categories were: factors related to the user (including demographic characteristics; personality and intellectual characteristics; interest; life issues and events; previous knowledge; experiences and skills; the goals of selecting a book in public libraries; time and cost spent to select; selection strategies; the process of selecting a book; measurement of credit and quality of resources; the causes of communicating with the book and reading it up to the end; reasons for not reading or half reading books); factors related to books (including apparent and physical elements; bibliographic elements; content elements; mold, language, expression and style); factors related to the library (consisting of reading programs; environmental factors; facilities and facilities; human factors); people, media, productions, occasions, programs, and lists influencing book selection (including persons; media; production of printed works; occasions and programs; lists); and barriers to book selection in public libraries (includes: library; book; person; society).
Originality/Value: The behavior of selecting information resources of adolescent members of public libraries showed the complexity and influence of this behavior by numerous factors, including individual differences, appearance and content characteristics of books, environmental factors, and library factors. The components identified in the aforementioned behavior can be used as a basis for a broad survey of users’ information resource selection behavior in physical and virtual environments and can also be used as a guide for acquisition, space creation and service design in libraries, compilation of resources and appearance, and structural design of books by authors and publishers.

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